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Helen Sharman - Life in Space
What happens
when you sneeze in space? And how do you go to the loo? Astronaut
Helen Sharman is the woman with all the answers to these questions
and a lot more besides.
Sheffield born
Helen became Britain's first astronaut when she spent eight days
on the Mir Space Station in May 1991 as part of the Soviet space
mission project Juno. Her job was to conduct experiments to see
how seeds, plants and vegetables grow in space and also to monitor
the effects of weightlessness on the human body.
She had to
undergo 18 months of training at cosmonaut school in Star City near
Moscow, where she learned to speak Russian, became weightless in
a plane that did endless loop the loops and spun round in a giant
ball contraption until she was dizzy. Helen was also measured in
54 different places to make sure her space suit was a perfect fit.
("The only made to measure suit I've ever owned," she joked.)
Helen's fascinating
stories about her time on Mir reveal a weightless world where even
the simplest earth tasks are a real challenge. She had to wear specially
designed button down space clothes to prevent items of clothing
floating up around her head. And when she wanted to get some sleep,
Helen had to make sure her sleeping bag was tied down so that she
did not drift off around the space station during the night. (Except
night time in space doesn't really exist because Mir orbits the
earth 16 times every 24 hours, so the crew see a series of sunsets
and sun rises every day.)
Astronauts
can't put the kettle on when they fancy a drink. Helen had to drink
her coffee through a straw from a flat plastic packet. Which brings
us on to that delicate subject - how to go to the loo in space.
A space toilet looks a bit like a humble portaloo but, Helen assures
us, it's a lot less smelly due to a high tech suction gadget.
And even more
amazingly is the way the astronauts can recycle the toilet's contents
into water pure enough to drink (wouldn't like to taste that). Or
they can zap the water with an electric current to separate the
valuable oxygen from the hydrogen (water is made up from oxygen
and hydrogen, for all you non-boffins).
But what does
happen if you sneeze in space? Because of the weightlessness, the
force of a sneeze propels the body backwards so that you become,
in effect, a human rocket. And Helen should know -she sneezed an
average of 20 times an hour while in space because of the weightless
dust, which just floats around getting up astronauts' noses!
<--- Part 2
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